1. Wave-particle duality
2. Essential aspects of structure and bonding schrödinger equation hydrogen atom atoms and the variational principle a quantitative view of chemical bonding bonding described by electron pairs and molecular orbitals molecules with [pi]-electron systems absorption of light
3. Emission of light nuclei: particle and wave properties
4. Nuclear spin solids and intermolecular forces thermal motion of molecules energy distribution in molecular assemblies work w, heat q, and internal energy u
5. Reversible work w[subscript rev], reversible heat q[subscript rev], and entropy s general conditions for spontaneity and its applications to equilibria of ideal gases and dilute solutions formal thermodynamics and its application to phase equilibria real gases real solutions
6. Reaction equilibria in aqueous solutions and biosystems chemical reactions in electrochemical cells chemical kinetics transition states and chemical reactions
7. Macromolecules organized molecular assemblies
8. Supramolecular machines origin of life: matter carrying information