Adeebia Yousaf, MS(Zoology) 2016-2018 Supervised by Dr.Shagufta Andleeb
Protective Effects of Garlic Against Arsenic Induced Placental Toxicity in Albino Mice
/Adeebia Yousaf
- Lahore : Department of Zoology, Div. S&T University of Education, 2018
- 79 p. xviii CD
Arsenic is a toxic ubiquitous metalloid and human carcinogen. A large number of individuals are exposed to elevated level of normally existing arsenic through contaminated drinking water, air and food. The level of arsenic is going so far in drinking water of different areas of Pakistan than the permissible limit of 10 µg/L provided by WHO. Such a high level of arsenic in the world causes alarming situation for humans from the health point of view. Ongoing study was designed to estimate the noxious effect of arsenic as well as to determine the therapeutic potential of garlic on mouse placenta. Major detrimental effects caused by arsenic are neurotoxicity, cancer, cardiovascular diseases and developmental problems. For this purpose a sub lethal dose of sodium arsenate (125 mg/kg B.W.) was prepared in 10ml of distilled water. And the antidote was prepared (30 mg/kg B.W.) by mixing garlic cloves with distilled water. Four groups of mice were designed for this experiment. Group I was control group. Group II was dose group, receiving 0.1ml of sodium arsenate (125 mg/kg B.W.) orally on 6th day of gestation for 6 days. Group III was dose + antidote, receiving 0.1ml of garlic extract (30 mg/kg B.W.) orally after one hour of oral administration of 0.1ml sodium arsenate (125 mg/kg BW.). Group IV was antidote group, it was experimental control group, receiving 0.1ml oral administration of garlic extract (30 mg/kg B.W.). These groups were reared for different time periods. The dosing was done on 6th day of gestation for 6 consecutive days. The mice were weighed and dissected at 18th day of gestation to recover the placentae of pregnant females. After fixing in Bouin’s fixative, the morphological, histological, morphometric studies were performed on placenta. The morphological and morphometric studies of the placentae treated with sodium arsenate, showed inflammation in maternal blood vessels of placentae, coiled umbilical cord, reduction in weight and darker shade as compared to control group. While the placentae from dose + antidote group showed normal structure similar to that of control and weight was also increased than the dose group. The antidote group showed normal weight and appearance like control group. The histological analysis of arsenic treated group dose showed chorangiosis in chrionic villi, fibroid necrosis and increased intervillous spaces when compared to control group. The effects of dose + antidote group showed normal maternal and fetal blood cells and chorionic villi similar to control group. The antidote group showed the normal structure of chorionic villi and intervillous spaces as in control group. The findings of this study clearly indicates that arsenic is potentially toxic to the placenta, however this toxicity can be reduced by garlic. Keywords: Sodium arsenate, garlic extract, female mice, placenta, toxicity.