1. INTRODUCTION : What is Science? Lower Secondary Science Course. 2. MATTER : What is Matter? Solids, Liquids and Gases; Changes in Matter. 3. ELEMENTS, COMPOUNDS AND MIXTURES : Elements : Elements Found in the Earth's Crust; Metals and Non-metals; Some Common Elements. Compounds: Properties of a Compound; Some Common Compounds. Mixtures: Properties of a Mixture. Some Common Mixtures. Atoms and Molecules. 4. THE AIR AROUND US : Physical Properties of Air; Chemical Properties of Air; Air is a Mixture of Active and Inactive Gases; Constituents of Air. 5. BURNING AND RUSTING : Burning: Early Explanations for Burning; Combustion (Burning); Fuels; Control of Fires. Rusting: Conditions for Rusting; Prevention of Rusting; Do All Metals Rust? 6. OXYGEN AND NITROGEN : Oxygen: Lavoisier's Experiment; Natural Occurrence of Oxygen; Preparation of Oxygen; Properties of Oxygen; Oxides; Uses of Oxygen. Nitrogen: Preparation of Nitrogen; Properties of Nitrogen; Uses of Nitrogen. 7. SOLUTIONS, SUSPENSIONS AND CRYSTALS : Solutions: Dilute and Concentrated Solutions; Conditions Affecting the Amount of Solute which will Dissolve in the Solvent; Saturated and Unsaturated Solutions. Suspensions. Purification of Substances: Filtration; Evaporation; Crystallisation; Distillation; Separating Soluble and Insoluble Substances Present in a Mixture. Crystals: Water of Crystallisation; Some Common Crystalline Substances. 8. MEASUREMENTS: LENGTH, AREA AND VOLUME : Measurements: History of Measurements; British System of Measurements; Metric System of Measurements; SI Units. Length: Measuring a Straight Line; Measuring a Curved Line; Vernier Scale; Vernier Calipers. Area: Regular Areas; Irregular Areas. Volumes: Regular Volumes; Irregular Volumes. International System of Units (for reference): Basic Units; Derived Units; Methods for Printing the Symbols; Prefixes for SI Units; Conversion of SI Units; Graphs. 9. MASS, WEIGHT AND TIME : Mass and Weight: Measurement of Mass and Weight. Time: Measurement of Time; Principle of the Clock; Pendulum. 10. DENSITY : Densities of Solids, Liquids and Gases; Relative Density; Archimedes' Principle. 11. HEAT : Sources of Heat; Temperature; Thermometers; Expansion of Solids; Expansion of Liquids; Expansion of Gases. 12. LIGHT : Vision; Rectilinear Propagation of Light; Reflection of Light. 13. LIVING AND NON-LIVING THINGS : Living Things. Non-living Things. Animals and Plants. 14. FLOWERING PLANTS : Annuals, Biennials and Perennials; Monocotyledons and Dicotyledons; External Structure of a Flowering Plant. 15. ROOTS : Tap Roots and their Modifications; Adventitious Roots and their Modifications; Characteristics of Roots; Functions of Roots. 16. STEMS : Aerial Stems; Underground Stems; Characteristics of Stems; Functions of Stems. 17. LEAVES : Structure of a Leaf; Stomata; Types of Leaves; Characteristics of Leaves; Functions of Leaves. 18. FLOWERS, POLLINATION AND FERTILISATION : Flowers: Parts of a Flower; Some Common Flowers. Pollination: Wind Pollination; Water Pollination; Insect Pollination; Pollination by Other Small Animals. Fertilisation. 19. FRUITS AND DISPERSAL OF SEEDS : Fruits and Seeds: Types of Fruits; Some Common Fruits; Functions of Fruits. Fruit and Seed Dispersal: Wind Dispersal; Animal Dispersal; Water Dispersal; Dispersal by Explosive Mechanisms. 20. STRUCTURE AND GERMINATION OF SEEDS : Structure of Seeds: Broad Bean Seed; Maize Grain; Castor Oil Seed. Germination of Seeds: Germination of Cowpea Seed; Germination of Maize Grain; Conditions Necessary for Germination. 21. RESPONSE OF PLANTS TO EXTERNAL STIMULI : Response to Water; Response to Gravity; Response to Light. 22. INSECTS : General Characteristics of Insects; Butterfly; Mosquito; Housefly; Cockroach.