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Introduction to physiology : the cell and general physiology. Functional organization of the human body and control of the "internal environment" ; The cell and its functions ; Genetic control of protein synthesis, cell function, and cell reproduction --<br/>Membrane physiology, nerve, and muscle. Transport of substances through the cell membrane ; Membrane potentials and action potentials ; Contraction of skeletal muscle ; Excitation of skeletal muscle : neuromuscular transmission and excitation-contraction coupling ; Contraction and excitation of smooth muscle --<br/>The heart. Heart muscle; the heart as a pump and function of the heart valves ; Rhythmical excitation of the heart ; The normal electrocardiogram ; Electrocardiographic interpretation of cardiac muscle and coronary blood flow abnormalities : vectorial analysis ; Cardiac arrhythmias and their electrocardiographic interpretation --<br/>The circulation. Overview of the circulation; medical physics of pressure, flow, and resistance ; Vascular distensibility and functions of the arterial and venous systems ; The microcirculation and the lymphatic system : capillary fluid exchange, interstitial fluid, and lymph flow ; Local and humoral control of blood flow by the tissues ; Nervous regulation of the circulation, and rapid control of arterial pressure ; Dominant role of the kidney in long-term regulation of arterial pressure and in hypertension : the integrated system for pressure control ; Cardiac output, venous return, and their regulation ; Muscle blood flow and cardiac output during exercise; the coronary circulation and ischemic heart disease ; Cardiac failure ; Heart valves and heart sounds; dynamics of valvular and congenital heart defects ; Circulatory shock and physiology of its treatment --<br/>The body fluids and kidneys. The body fluid compartments : extracellular and intracellular fluids; interstitial fluid and edema ; Urine formation by the kidneys I : glomerular filtration, renal blood flow, and their control ; Urine formation by the kidneys II : tubular processing of the glomerular filtrate ; Regulation of extracellular fluid osmolarity and sodium concentration ; Renal regulation of potassium, calcium, phosphate, and magnesium; integration of renal mechanisms for control of blood volume and extracellular fluid volume ; Regulation of acid-base balance ; Kidney diseases and diuretics --<br/>Blood cells, immunity, and blood clotting. Red blood cells, anemia, and polycythemia ; Resistance of the body to infection I : leukocytes, granulocytes, the monocyte-macrophage system, and inflammation ; Resistance of the body to infection II : immunity and allergy ; Blood types, transfusion, tissue and organ transplantation ; Hemostasis and blood coagulation --<br/>Respiration. Pulmonary ventilation ; Pulmonary circulation, pulmonary edema, pleural fluid ; Physical principles of gas exchange; diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide through the respiratory membrane ; Transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide in blood and tissue fluids ; Regulation of respiration ; Respiratory insufficiency : pathophysiology, diagnosis, oxygen therapy. [cont.] Aviation, space, and deep-sea diving physiology. Aviation, high-altitude, and space physiology ; Physiology of deep-sea diving and other hyperbaric conditions ; The nervous system A : general principles and sensory physiology. Organization of the nervous system, basic functions of synapses, "transmitter substances" ; Sensory receptors, neuronal circuits for processing information ; Somatic sensations I : general organization, the tactile and position senses ; Somatic sensations II : pain, headache, and thermal sensations --<br/>The nervous system B : the special senses. The eye I : optics of vision ; The eye II : receptor and neural function of the retina ; The eye III : central neurophysiology of vision ; The sense of hearing ; The chemical senses : taste and smell --<br/>The nervous system C : motor and integrative neurophysiology. Motor functions of the spinal cord; the cord reflexes ; Cortical and brain stem control of motor function ; Contributions of the cerebellum and basal ganglia to overall motor control ; Cerebral cortex, intellectual functions of the brain, learning and memory ; Behavioral and motivational mechanisms of the brain : the limbic system and the hypothalamus ; States of brain activity : sleep, brain waves, epilepsy, psychoses ; The automatic nervous system and the adrenal medulla ; Cerebral blood flow, cerebrospinal fluid, and brain metabolism --<br/>Gastrointestinal physiology. General principles of gastrointestinal function : motility, nervous control, and blood circulation ; Propulsion and mixing of food in the alimentary tract ; Secretory functions of the alimentary tract ; Digestion and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract ; Physiology of gastrointestinal disorders --<br/>Metabolism and temperature regulation. Metabolism of carbohydrates, and formation of adenosine triphosphate ; Lipid metabolism ; Protein metabolism ; The liver as an organ ; Dietary balances, regulation of feeding, obesity and starvation, vitamins and minerals ; Energetics and metabolic rate ; Body temperature, temperature regulation, and fever <br/>Endocrinology and reproduction. Introduction to endocrinology ; Pituitary hormones and their control by the hypothalamus ; Thyroid metabolic hormones ; Adrenocortical hormones ; Insulin, glucagon, and diabetes mellitus ; Parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, calcium and phosphate metabolism, vitamin D, bone, and teeth ; Reproductive and hormonal functions of the male (and function of the pineal gland) ; Female physiology before pregnancy and female hormones ; Pregnancy and lactation ; Fetal and neonatal physiology --<br/>Sports physiology. Sports physiology.<br/> |
