Reservoir engineering handbook /
Ahmed, Tarek H.,
Reservoir engineering handbook / Tarek Ahmed. - 3rd ed. - Burlington, MA : Elsevier/Gulf Professional, c2006. - xv, 1360 p. ill. ; 24 cm.
Previous ed.: 2001.
1 fundamentals of reservoir fluid behavior ........... 1
Classification of reservoirs and reservoir fluids, 1; problems, 27;
References, 27
2 reservoir-fluid properties ...... ............ ...... 29
Properties of natural gases, 29; behavior of ideal gases, 30;
Behavior of real gases, 36; effect of nonhydrocarbon components
On the z-factor, 44; correction for high-molecular weight gases,
49; direct calculation of compressibility factors, 54;
Compressibility of natural gases, 59; gas formation volume factor,
65; gas viscosity, 67; methods of calculating the viscosity of
Natural gases, 68; properties of crude oil systems, 75; methods of
Calculating viscosity of the dead oil, 115; methods of calculating
The saturated oil viscosity, 117; methods of calculating the
Viscosity of the undersaturated oil, 119; properties of reservoir
Water, 124; problems, 126; references, 133
3 laboratory analysis of reservoir fluids ............. 136
Composition of the reservoir fluid, 137; constant-composition
Expansion tests, 137; differential liberation (vaporization) test,
149; separator tests, 152; extrapolation of reservoir fluid data, 164;
Laboratory analysis of gas condensate systems, 171; problems, 184;
References, 188
4 fundamentals of rock properties ................... 189
Porosity, 190; saturation, 195; wettability, 199; surface and
Interfacial tension, 200; capillary pressure, 203; permeability, 227;
Rock compressibility, 254; net pay thickness, 260; reservoir
Heterogeneity, 261; areal heterogeneity, 274; problems, 281;
References, 286
5 relative permeability concepts ..................... 288
Two-phase relative permeability, 289; relative permeability ratio,
308; dynamic pseudo-relative permeabilities, 311; normalization
And averaging relative permeability data, 313; three-phase relative
Permeability, 320; problems, 329; references, 330
6 fundamentals of reservoir fluid flow ............... 331
Types of fluids, 332; flow regimes, 334; reservoir geometry, 336;
Number of flowing fluids in the reservoir, 339; fluid flow
Equations, 340; steady-state flow, 342; unsteady-state flow, 373;
Constant-terminal-pressure solution, 384; constant-terminal-rate
Solution, 384; pseudosteady-state flow, 413; principle of
Superposition, 442; transient well testing, 453; problems, 476;
References, 482
7 oil well performance .................. ........... 484
Vertical oil well performance, 484; horizontal oil well
Performance, 528; problems, 542; references, 544
8 gas well performance ............................ 546
Vertical gas well performance, 546; horizontal gas well
Performance, 577; problems, 580; references, 581
9 gas and water coning ........................... 583
Coning, 584; coning in vertical wells, 587; breakthrough time in
Vertical wells, 620; after breakthrough performance, 624; coning
In horizontal wells, 629; horizontal well breakthrough time, 638;
Problems, 646; references, 648
10 water influx....... ........................... . 650
Classification of aquifers, 651; recognition of natural water influx,
654; water influx models, 655; problems, 728; references, 731
11 oil recovery mechanisms and the material balance
Equation ...................................... 733
Primary recovery mechanisms, 734; the material balance
Equation, 752; problems, 806; references, 809
12 predicting oil reservoir performance ............. 810
Phase 1. Reservoir performance prediction methods, 811; phase 2.
Relating reservoir performance to time, 850; problems, 853;
References, 854
13 gas reservoirs .................................. 855
The volumetric method, 856; the material balance method, 859;
Material balance equation as a straight line, 874; abnormally
Pressured gas reservoirs, 880; problems, 906; references, 908
14 principles of waterflooding........................ 909
Factors to consider in waterflooding, 910; optimum time to
Waterflood, 915; effect of trapped gas on waterflood recovery,
917; selection of flooding patterns, 927; overall recovery
Efficiency, 932; i. Displacement efficiency, 934; ii. Areal sweep
Efficiency, 985; iii. Vertical sweep efficiency, 1041; methods of
Predicting recovery performance for layered reservoirs, 1058;
Waterflood surveillance, 1069; problems, 1085; references, 1094
15 vapor-liquid phase equilibria.................... 1096
Vapor pressure, 1096; equilibrium ratios, 1099; flash calculations,
1103; equilibrium ratios for real solutions, 1107; equilibrium
Ratios for the plus fraction, 1120; applications of the equilibrium
Ratio in reservoir engineering, 1122; equations of state, 1154;
Applications of the equation of state in petroleum engineering,
1194; splitting and lumping schemes of the plus-fraction, 1207;
Problems, 1225; references, 1229
16 analysis of decline and type curves .......... .... 1235
Decline-curve analysis, 1235; type-curve analysis, 1264;
Problems, 1333; references, 1335
0750679727 (alk. paper) 9780750679725 (alk. paper)
Oil reservoir engineering.
Oil fields.
Gas reservoirs.
622/.3382 / A2865
Reservoir engineering handbook / Tarek Ahmed. - 3rd ed. - Burlington, MA : Elsevier/Gulf Professional, c2006. - xv, 1360 p. ill. ; 24 cm.
Previous ed.: 2001.
1 fundamentals of reservoir fluid behavior ........... 1
Classification of reservoirs and reservoir fluids, 1; problems, 27;
References, 27
2 reservoir-fluid properties ...... ............ ...... 29
Properties of natural gases, 29; behavior of ideal gases, 30;
Behavior of real gases, 36; effect of nonhydrocarbon components
On the z-factor, 44; correction for high-molecular weight gases,
49; direct calculation of compressibility factors, 54;
Compressibility of natural gases, 59; gas formation volume factor,
65; gas viscosity, 67; methods of calculating the viscosity of
Natural gases, 68; properties of crude oil systems, 75; methods of
Calculating viscosity of the dead oil, 115; methods of calculating
The saturated oil viscosity, 117; methods of calculating the
Viscosity of the undersaturated oil, 119; properties of reservoir
Water, 124; problems, 126; references, 133
3 laboratory analysis of reservoir fluids ............. 136
Composition of the reservoir fluid, 137; constant-composition
Expansion tests, 137; differential liberation (vaporization) test,
149; separator tests, 152; extrapolation of reservoir fluid data, 164;
Laboratory analysis of gas condensate systems, 171; problems, 184;
References, 188
4 fundamentals of rock properties ................... 189
Porosity, 190; saturation, 195; wettability, 199; surface and
Interfacial tension, 200; capillary pressure, 203; permeability, 227;
Rock compressibility, 254; net pay thickness, 260; reservoir
Heterogeneity, 261; areal heterogeneity, 274; problems, 281;
References, 286
5 relative permeability concepts ..................... 288
Two-phase relative permeability, 289; relative permeability ratio,
308; dynamic pseudo-relative permeabilities, 311; normalization
And averaging relative permeability data, 313; three-phase relative
Permeability, 320; problems, 329; references, 330
6 fundamentals of reservoir fluid flow ............... 331
Types of fluids, 332; flow regimes, 334; reservoir geometry, 336;
Number of flowing fluids in the reservoir, 339; fluid flow
Equations, 340; steady-state flow, 342; unsteady-state flow, 373;
Constant-terminal-pressure solution, 384; constant-terminal-rate
Solution, 384; pseudosteady-state flow, 413; principle of
Superposition, 442; transient well testing, 453; problems, 476;
References, 482
7 oil well performance .................. ........... 484
Vertical oil well performance, 484; horizontal oil well
Performance, 528; problems, 542; references, 544
8 gas well performance ............................ 546
Vertical gas well performance, 546; horizontal gas well
Performance, 577; problems, 580; references, 581
9 gas and water coning ........................... 583
Coning, 584; coning in vertical wells, 587; breakthrough time in
Vertical wells, 620; after breakthrough performance, 624; coning
In horizontal wells, 629; horizontal well breakthrough time, 638;
Problems, 646; references, 648
10 water influx....... ........................... . 650
Classification of aquifers, 651; recognition of natural water influx,
654; water influx models, 655; problems, 728; references, 731
11 oil recovery mechanisms and the material balance
Equation ...................................... 733
Primary recovery mechanisms, 734; the material balance
Equation, 752; problems, 806; references, 809
12 predicting oil reservoir performance ............. 810
Phase 1. Reservoir performance prediction methods, 811; phase 2.
Relating reservoir performance to time, 850; problems, 853;
References, 854
13 gas reservoirs .................................. 855
The volumetric method, 856; the material balance method, 859;
Material balance equation as a straight line, 874; abnormally
Pressured gas reservoirs, 880; problems, 906; references, 908
14 principles of waterflooding........................ 909
Factors to consider in waterflooding, 910; optimum time to
Waterflood, 915; effect of trapped gas on waterflood recovery,
917; selection of flooding patterns, 927; overall recovery
Efficiency, 932; i. Displacement efficiency, 934; ii. Areal sweep
Efficiency, 985; iii. Vertical sweep efficiency, 1041; methods of
Predicting recovery performance for layered reservoirs, 1058;
Waterflood surveillance, 1069; problems, 1085; references, 1094
15 vapor-liquid phase equilibria.................... 1096
Vapor pressure, 1096; equilibrium ratios, 1099; flash calculations,
1103; equilibrium ratios for real solutions, 1107; equilibrium
Ratios for the plus fraction, 1120; applications of the equilibrium
Ratio in reservoir engineering, 1122; equations of state, 1154;
Applications of the equation of state in petroleum engineering,
1194; splitting and lumping schemes of the plus-fraction, 1207;
Problems, 1225; references, 1229
16 analysis of decline and type curves .......... .... 1235
Decline-curve analysis, 1235; type-curve analysis, 1264;
Problems, 1333; references, 1335
0750679727 (alk. paper) 9780750679725 (alk. paper)
Oil reservoir engineering.
Oil fields.
Gas reservoirs.
622/.3382 / A2865
