Foreword by Prof. Gary Christian.- INTRODUCTION TO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY:Analytical Chemistry today.- Analytical chemical information.- Analytical chemical references.- Essential features of Analytical Chemistry: Basic elements; Fundamentals; Key words; Developments; Placement; Boundaries.- Evolution of Analytical Chemistry.- Conceptual and technical hierarchies.- Classifications.- Questions; Seminars; Suggested readings.ANALYTICAL PROPERTIES:Introduction.- The chemical metrological hierarchy: uncertainty and trueness.- Errors in Analytical Chemistry.- Capital analytical properties: Accuracy; Representativeness.- Basic analytical properties:Precision; Sensivity; Selectivity.- Accessory analytical properties: Expeditiousness; Cost-effectiveness; Personnel-related factors.- Relationships among analytical properties: Hierarchical relationships; Foundation relationships; Contradictory relationships; Complementary relationships.- Other analytical properties.- Questions; Seminars: Numerical problems; Suggested readings.TRACEABILITY: REFERENCE MATERIALS:Introduction.- The integral concept of traceability.- Physical and chemical traceability.- Types of standards and their traceability.- Analytical chemical standards: Types; General properties; Preparation and storage; Uses.- Specific meanings of traceability: Traceability of analytical result; Traceability of a sample (aliquot); Traceability of an instrument; Traceability of a sample standard; Traceability of a method; Relationships among traceability meanings.- Questions; Seminars; Suggested readings.THE MEASUREMENT PROCESS IN CHEMISTRY: Definition of chemical measurement process.- General steps of a chemical measurement process.- Preliminary operations: General features; Sub-steps; Sample collection; Sample treatment.- Measurement and transducing of the analytical signal.- Signal acquisition and data processing.- Validation of a chemical measurement process.- Salient current trends.-Annexes I - VI.- Questions; Seminars; Suggested readings.QUALITATIVE ASPECTS OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY:Introduction.- The binary response: Types of binary response; Quantitative connotations; Analytical features; Errors:false positives and false negatives.- Types of qualitative identification.- Standards and calibration in qualitative analysis.- Classical qualitative analysis: General notions; Types of reagents; Analytical schemes; Instrumental qualitative analysis: General notions; Static systems; Dynamic systems.- Questions; Seminars; Suggested readings.QUANTITATIVE ASPECTS OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY:Fundamentals: Introduction; Analytical properties; Equipment and method calibration; Classical and instrumental quantitative analysis; Quantitation methodologies; Expressing quantitative results.- Calculable quantitation methods: Absolute methods involving no analytical standard; Absolute methods involving analytical standards.- Relative quantitation methods: Interpolation and extrapolation methods; Comparative methods.- Questions; Seminars; Suggested readings.THE ANALYTICAL PROBLEM:Introduction.- Meanings of "problem" in Analytical Chemistry.- Integral definition of analytical problem.- Elements of the analytical problem.- Steps of the analytical problem-solving process: Identifying and confirming the information required; Pinpointing the analytical information required; Planning the analytical approach; Monitoring the results; Implementing corrective actions.- Consistency between required information and supplied information.- The analytical problem in the context of quality.- Questions; Seminars; Suggested readings.ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY AND QUALITY:Introduction.- A generic approach to quality: Integral definition of quality; Types of quality; Quality compromises; Structure of quality; Benefits of quality.- General aspects of quality in Analytical Chemistry: Types of quality in Analytical Chemistry; Quality and analytical properties; Quality and the analytical problem.- Quality systems in the analytical laboratory: Elements of quality assurance; ISO Guide 25 (EN-4500); Good Laboratory Practices; Specific quality systems used in Analytical Chemistry.- Analytical quality control.- Assessment of analytical quality: Types of assessment activities; Laboratory accreditation; Proficiency testing.- Supports of analytical quality assurance.- Costs and benefits of analytical quality systems.- Questions; Seminars; Suggested readings; Subject Index.