TY - BOOK AU - Ahmed, Ishtiaq TI - Pakistan the garrison state : origins, evolution, consequences 1947-2011 SN - 9780190702441 (pbk) U1 - 954.91 PY - 2020/// CY - Karachi PB - Oxford University Press N1 - 1. The fortress of Islam: A metaphor for a garrison state 2. British, American and soviet attitudes towards the Pakistan scheme 3. The colonial roots of the Pakistan army 4. The first Kashmir war, 1947-1948 5. Wooing the Americans, and civil military relations 6. The first military takeover 7. The 1965 war 8. Alienation between east and west Pakistan 9. Civil war and Pakistan India war of 1971 10. The rise and fall of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto 11. General Zia braces the fortress of Islam 12. The afghan jihad 13. Civilian governments and the establishment 14. Vicissitudes of the Musharraf regime 15. Transition to democracy and proliferation in terrorism 16. The United States prepares for exit 17. The gory end of Osama bin laden 18. Analysis and conclusion ER -